3GPP
Release-19-pinned 5G SA core; MCX mission-critical services (TS 23.280, TS 24.379), security (TS 33.180), UDSF state (TS 29.598) and NTN for the orbital tier.
Release 19 · MCX · NTNStandards
Grounded in the published word.
FRMCS is a global standard, and FRMCS.ai treats the documents as law: every protocol, codec and API traces to a pinned spec version. No folklore, no "vendor interpretation".
The anchor
UIC FRMCS v2.1 — the master specification.
The International Union of Railways (uic.org/rail-system/frmcs) defines FRMCS as the worldwide successor to GSM-R. FRMCS.ai implements the complete v2.1 document family.
| Document | Reference | What it governs |
|---|---|---|
| FRS — Functional Requirements | FU-7120 v2.1 | Every railway communication function: voice, REC, ATP, ATO, PIS, CCTV… |
| SRS — System Requirements | AT-7800 v2.1 | System architecture, identities, QoS, security framework |
| FIS — Functional Interface Spec | FIS-7970 v2.1 | The application taxonomy (Figure 2) and application-layer interfaces |
| FFFIS — Form-Fit Functional Interface | FFFIS-7950 v2.1 | OB_APP / TS_APP reference points between apps and gateways |
| TOBA FRS — On-board architecture | TOBA-7510 v2.1 | The multipath on-board gateway every train carries |
The ecosystem
The stack beneath the standard.
O-RAN & SCF
O-DU control/data-plane split with F1AP, E2AP + E2SM, O1/NETCONF and A1 policy; nFAPI P5/P7/P19 (SCF 222/225) at the PHY boundary.
O-RAN WG specs · SCF 222/225ERA ERTMS
European Union Agency for Railways subsets for train control transport: Subset-037 (Euroradio), -054, -098 (RBC–RBC), -147 (TCMS) — the ETCS interop backbone.
Subsets 037 / 054 / 098 / 147ETSI
Railway telecom framework (TR 103 459) and the MCX protocol families FRMCS voice and data services are built on.
ETSI TR 103 459 · MCXoneM2M
ETSI TS 118-series IoT layer: IN/MN/ASN-CSE federation carrying wayside sensing from axle counter to control centre.
oneM2M TS-0001 / TS-0009Operations & AI governance
TM Forum ODA and Open APIs, ETSI ZSM zero-touch loops — and NIST AI RMF / ISO-IEC 42001 governing the intelligence layer.
TM Forum · ETSI ZSM · ISO/IEC 42001
Why it matters
One standard. Every border.
GSM-R proved what a common railway radio standard makes possible: trains crossing borders without changing radios. FRMCS extends that promise to broadband — and FRMCS.ai's spec-grounded build means the same platform serves a European main line, a trans-Australian freight corridor or a Gulf metro without forks.
Migration is first-class: FRMCS and GSM-R coexist during transition, per the UIC migration guidance, so no railway has to jump in one night.
- Pinned versions: every module cites the exact spec revision it implements.
- Symmetric implementation: trackside and on-board built from the same documents.
- Test-anchored: byte-level vectors from the specs drive the test suites.
- Global first: nothing region-locked; band plans and policies are configuration.
Audit us against the documents.
We welcome spec-level scrutiny. Request the traceability matrix mapping every FRMCS.ai module to its UIC, 3GPP, ETSI and ERA anchors.